Refine your search
Collections
Co-Authors
Journals
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z All
Saini, S. P. S.
- Thermal Degradation and Storage Losses of Ascorbic Acid in Canned Brassica Cultivars
Abstract Views :210 |
PDF Views:0
Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Food Science and Technology Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana - 141 004, IN
1 Department of Food Science and Technology Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana - 141 004, IN
Source
The Indian Journal of Nutrition and Dietetics, Vol 32, No 11 (1995), Pagination: 274-276Abstract
Green leafy vegetables are considered a fairly good source of ascorbic acid, even when cooked. According to Gopalan etal' Brassica cutivars contain 65 mg/100 g (B. napus) to 180 mg/100 g (B. rapa) ascorbic acid on fresh weight basis and if these green vegetables are included in the diet in adequate amounts, the need for fruit as an essential Item in the diet is much reduced.
- Sensory Characteristics of Milk Enriched with Ascorbic Acid
Abstract Views :158 |
PDF Views:1
Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Food Science and Technology Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana-141 004, IN
1 Department of Food Science and Technology Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana-141 004, IN
Source
The Indian Journal of Nutrition and Dietetics, Vol 31, No 5 (1994), Pagination: 157-160Abstract
Ascorbic acid (AA) as additive finds its extensive use in various foods. It is added to milk and other foods to enhance the nutritional status or to attain improvement in characteristics such as colour, stability, palatabllity, clarity and baking quality. Added AA to fluid milk is known to delay the development of oxidized flavour. AA as additive was reported to prevent the loss of vitamin A during drying of concentrated milk.- Sub-Acute Exposure of Fenvalerate in Buffalo Calves:Toxicokinetic Evaluation
Abstract Views :381 |
PDF Views:0
Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, IN
1 Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, IN
Source
Toxicology International (Formerly Indian Journal of Toxicology), Vol 24, No 2 (2017), Pagination: 162-166Abstract
The effect of sub-acute fenvalerate administration on its toxicokinetics was studied in male buffalo calves. Four healthy male buffalo calves were administered fenvalerate orally (@ 1 mg.kg-1.day-1) for 21 consecutive days. On day one, blood samples were collected for upto 48 h post administration for toxicokinetic study. The calves were then drenched at the same dose rate for 21 days and sampling was repeated on 21st day for toxicokinetic analysis. Concentrations of fenvalerate in the serum samples were analysed using gas chromatography (GC) and toxicokinetic parameters were calculated as per the non compartmental analysis. Significantly reduced distribution at steady state (0.11 L.kg-1 Vs 0.19 L.kg-1) on 21st day of continuous exposure compared to day one, clearly indicated limited distribution of the pesticide in various body fluids and tissues upon repeated administration. There was improved persistence of toxicant in the body upon sub-acute exposure as shown by significant increase in area under curve (AUC=156.4 Vs 69.1 μg.h.ml-1) after sub-acute administration. This fact was further supported by increased mean residence time (MRT=16.7 h Vs 12.6 h) of the pesticide. There was significant increase in the elimination half life (11.6 h Vs 8.74h) of the toxicant on day 21 compared to that observed on day 1, which was further underlined by a significant decrease in its clearance (0.006 Vs 0.015 L.kg-1.h-1). Sub-acute exposure of fenvalerate at the proposed dose rate resulted in limited tissue distribution, augmented persistence and slow elimination from the body of animals. This altered toxicokinetics of fenvalerate upon subacute exposure might be due to its effect on organs of metabolism and/elimination, thereby posing increased risk of toxicity in buffalo calves.Keywords
Fenvalerate, Sub-Acute, Toxicokinetic, Gas Chromatography, Buffalo Calves.References
- Worthing C.R. and Walker S.B. (1987) The Pesticide ManualA World Compendium, eighth ed. Thornton Heath, British Crop Protection Council. 395-396.
- Gill K.K., Sandhu H.S. and Kaur R. (2014) Evaluation of Biochemical Parameters in Buffalo Calves Exposed to Sub-acute Fenvalerate Toxicosis. Proc Natl Acad Sci India Sect B Biol Sci. DOI 10.1007/s40011-014-0375-y.
- Akhtar M.H. (1983) Metabolism of fenvalerate by a chicken enzyme preparation. J. Agric. Food Chem. 31(5): 1080-1083.
- Gill K.K., Sandhu H.S. and Kaur R. (2014) Haematological alterations induced by oral subacute exposure to fenvalerate, nitrate and their combination in domesticbuffalo, bubalus bubalis, Bull Environ Contam Toxicol, 92: 703–707.
- Gong Z.C. (1990) Studies on toxicokinetics of 14C-fenvalerate in animals. Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi, 24(5): 277-280. (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/ 2261813).
- Mandal T.K,. Bhattacharya A. Chakraborty A.K and Basa D.K. (1996) Disposition kinetics, cytotoxicity and residues of fenvalerate in tissues following oral administration to goats. Pest Manag Sci, 35(3):201–07.
- Ahmed M.T, Reda L.A, Loufty N.M, and Ali. T. (2008) The toxicity of fenvalerate, niclosamide and profenfos and some of their mixttures with a domestic detergent to Nile Tilapia fish with special reference to gill uptake and toxicokinetics of fenvalerate and fenvalerate-detergent mixture. Toxicol. Environ. Chem., 81(2): 81-96.
- Bradbury S.P, Coats J.R and McKim J.M (1986). Toxicokinetics of fenvalerate in rainbow trout (Salmo Gairdneri). Environ. Toxicol. Chem., 5(6): 567-576.
- Gill U.S, Schwartz H.M and Wheatley B. (1996) Development of a method for the analysis of PCB congeners and organochlorine pesticides in blood/serum. Chemosphere, 32: 1055-1061.
- Gibaldi M. and Perrier D. (1982) Pharmacokinetics, 2nd ed. Marcel and Dekker, New York.
- Ray D. E (1991) “Pesticides derived from plants and other organism,” in Handbook of Pesticide Toxicology, W. Y. Hayes, Jr. E. R., and Jr. Lows, Eds. San Diego CA: Academic Press, pp. 585–636.
- Godin S.J., Crow J.A., Scollon E.J., Hughes M.F., DeVito M.J., and Ross M.K. (2007) Identification of rat and human cytochrome p450 isoforms and a rat serum esterase that metabolize the pyrethroid insecticides deltamethrin and esfenvalerate. Drug Metab. Dispos. ,35:1664–1671.
- Cantalamessa F. (1993) Acute toxicity of two pyrethroids permethrin and cypermethrin in neonatal and adult rats. Archieves of Toxicology, 67: 510–513.
- Gilman A.U., Goodman L.S., and GIunan A. (1996) Goodman and Gilman’s The pharmacological basis of therapeutics, 6th ed. MacMillian, New York.
- Galinsky R.E., and Svensson C.K. (1995) Basic pharmacokinetics, in The Science and Practice of Pharmacy, 19th ed. Remington, J.P. Eds pp. Mack Publishing Company, Easton, PA, 724-740.
- Kuhn K.H., Weiseler B., Leng G., and Idel H. (1999) Toxicokinetics of pyrethroids in humans: consequences for biological monitoring. Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol., .62: 101-108.
- Hemato-Biochemical Alterations Mediated by Carbendazim Exposure and Protective Effect of Quercetin in Male Rats
Abstract Views :246 |
PDF Views:0
Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana − 141004, Punjab, IN
2 Department of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana − 141004, Punjab, IN
1 Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana − 141004, Punjab, IN
2 Department of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana − 141004, Punjab, IN
Source
Toxicology International (Formerly Indian Journal of Toxicology), Vol 25, No 1 (2018), Pagination: 7-18Abstract
The main objective of study was to investigate the effect of Carbendazim (CBZ) a most popular agriculture fungicide on hemato-biochemical alterations in male rats and possible ameliorative effect of quercetin. Sprague Dawley male rats were administered CBZ @100, 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight, PO and quercetin (25mg/kg body weight, PO) alone and concomitant in corn oil for the period of 28 days. At the end of exposure period, blood was collected and hemato-biochemical parameters were evaluated in blood and plasma samples. Sub-acute exposure of carbendazim resulted in non-significant decrease (p > 0.05) in haemoglobin, PVC and TEC and increase in MCV, MCH and platelets count in CBZ treated groups. Moreover, administration of CBZ significantly increased (p < 0.05) the plasma ALT, AST, ALP, cholesterol and triglyceride while, significantly decreased (p < 0.05) the plasma protein and globulin level was noticed. Non-significant change in calcium, chloride and phosphorous was observed in CBZ alone treated groups. However, quercetin supplementation concomitant in CBZ treated animals prevented and restored the alterations caused by exposure of CBZ. This study concluded that quercetin has ability to ameliorate the toxic effect caused by CBZ on hemato-biochemical biomarkers in living beings.Keywords
Carbendazim, Haemato-Biochemical, Quercetin, Rats.References
- Costa LG, Giordano G, Guizzetti M, Vitalone A. Neurotoxicity of pesticides: A brief review, Front Biosci. 2008; 13:1240−49. https://doi.org/10.2741/2758. PMid: 17981626.
- Larramendy ML, Nikoloff N, de Arcaute C R. Genotoxicity and cytotoxicity exerted by pesticides in different biotic matrices: An overview of more than a decade of experimental evaluation, J Environ Toxicol. 2015; 4:225. https://doi.org/10.1201/b18616-3.
- Li S, Cao C, Shi H, Yang S, Qi L, Zhao X, Sun C. Effect of quercetin against mixture of four organophosphate pesticides induced nephrotoxicity in rats, Xenobiotica. 2016; 46:225−33. https://doi.org/10.3109/00498254.2015.1070443. PMid: 26226520.
- Maria-Lourdes A, Mineko S, Margarita C, Angelica S, Maria-Isabe S, Victor T, Fabiola-Gabriela Z, Ana-Rosa R. Hepatic effects from subacute exposure to insecticides in adult male wistar rats. In: Perveen F, editor. InsecticidesAdvances In Integrated Pest Management Insecticides. Karnal, India: Intech Press; 2012. p. 280−90.
- Uggini GK, Patel PV, Balakrishnan S. 2012. Embryotoxic and teratogenic effects of pesticides in chick embryos: a comparative study using two commercial formulations, Environ Toxicol. 2012; 27:166−74. https://doi.org/10.1002/tox.20627.
- Selmanoglu G, Barlas N, Songur S, Kocskaya EA. Carbendazim-induced haematological, biochemical and histopathological changes to the liver and kidney of male rats, Hum Exp Toxicol. 2001; 20:625−30. https://doi.org/10.1191/096032701718890603. PMid: 11936576.
- Hsu YH, Chang CW, Chen MC, Yuan CY. Carbendaziminduced androgen receptor expression antagonized by flutamide in male rats, J Food Drug Anal. 2011; 19:418−28.
- Waghe P, Saini SPS, Rampal S, Prakash N, Lokesh LV. Subchronic exposure to carbendazim induces biochemical and hematological alterations in male goats, Toxicol Environ Chem. 2013; 95:330−36. https://doi.org/10.1080/02772248 .2013.770859.
- Ranjan B, Daundkar PS, Rampal S. Ameliorative effect of selenium on carbendazim induced oral sub-chronic testicular toxicity in bucks, Small Rumin Res. 2014; 119:107−13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smallrumres.2014.03.006.
- Sakr SA, Shalaby SY. Carbendazim-induced testicular damage and oxidative stress in albino rats: ameliorative effect of licorice aqueous extract, Toxicol Ind Health. 2014; 30:259−67. https://doi.org/10.1177/0748233712456059. PMid: 22903170.
- Cedric P, Sebastien V, Karim A, Philippe D, Marie-Helene P, Marie-Roberte G, Philippe B, Odette P. Ex vivo assessment of testicular toxicity induced by carbendazim and iprodione, alone or in a mixture, ALTEX. 2016; 33:(4).
- Salihu M, Ajayi BO, Adedara IA Farombi EO. 6-Gingerolrich fraction from Zingiber officinale prevents hematotoxicity and oxidative damage in kidney and liver of rats exposed to carbendazim, J Diet Suppl. 2016; 13:433−48. https://doi.org/10.3109/19390211.2015.1107802. PMid: 26673969.
- Hashem MA, Mohamed WA, Attia ES. Assessment of protective potential of Nigella sativa oil against carbendazim-and/ or mancozeb-induced hematotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, and genotoxicity, Environ Sci Pollut Res. 2017; 1−13.
- Daundkar PS, Rampal S. Evaluation of ameliorative potential of selenium on carbendazim induced oxidative stress in male goats, Environ Toxicol Pharmacol. 2014; 38(3):711−19. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.etap.2014.09.007. PMid: 25299847.
- Ahmadi N, Mandegary A, Jamshidzadeh A, MohammadiSardoo M, Mohammadi-Sardo M, Salari E, et al. Hematological abnormality, oxidative stress, and genotoxicity induction in the greenhouse pesticide sprayers; investigating the role of NQO1 gene polymorphism, Toxics. 2018; 6:13. https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics6010013. PMid: 29414880, PMCid: PMC5874786.
- Agrawal A, Sharma B. Pesticides induced oxidative stress in mammalian systems, Int J Biol Med Res. 2010; 3:90−104.
- Mena S, Ortega A, Estrela JM. Oxidative stress in environmental induced carcinogenesis, Mutat Res. 2009; 674:36−44. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mrgentox.2008.09.017. PMid: 18977455.
- Galal MK, Khalaf AA, Ogaly HA, Ibrahim MA. Vitamin E attenuates neurotoxicity induced by deltamethrin in rats, BMC Complement Altern Med. 2014; 14:458. https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6882-14-458. PMid:25439240, PMCid: PMC4265463.
- Adedara IA, Vaithinathan S, Jubendradass R, Mathur PP, Farombi EO. Kolaviron prevents carbendazim-induced steroidogenic dysfunction and apoptosis in testes of rats, Environ Toxicol Pharmacol. 2013; 35(3):444−53. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.etap.2013.01.010. PMid: 23474402.
- Moon SK, Cho GO, Jung SY, Gal SW, Kwon TK, Lee YC, Madamanchi NR, Kim CH. Quercetin exerts multiple inhibitory effects on vascular smooth muscle cells: role of ERK1/2, cell-cycle regulation, and matrix metalloproteinase-9, Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2003; 301(4):1069−78. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0006-291X(03)00091-3.
- Pattanashetti LA, Taranalli AD, Parvatrao V, Malabade RH, Kumar D. Evaluation of neuroprotective effect of quercetin with donepezil in scopolamine-induced amnesia in rats, Indian J Pharmacol. 2017; 49(1):60−64. PMid: 28458424, PMCid: PMC5351240.
- Unsal C, Kanter M, Aktas C, Erboga M. Role of quercetin in cadmium-induced oxidative stress, neuronal damage, and apoptosis in rats, Toxicol Ind Health. 2015; 31:1106−15. https://doi.org/10.1177/0748233713486960. PMid:23645211.
- Pany SU, Pal AB, Sahu PK. Neuroprotective effect of quercetin in neurotoxicity induced rats: role of neuroinflammation in neurodegeneration, Asian J Pharm Clin Res.2014; 7:152−56.
- Ola MS, Ahmed MM, Shams S, Al-Rejaie SS. Neuroprotective effects of quercetin in diabetic rat retina, Saudi J Biol Sci. 2016; 24:1186−94 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sjbs.2016.11.017. PMid: 28855811, PMCid: PMC5562465.
- Aly HA, Domenech O, Abdel-Naim AB. Aroclor 1254 impairs spermatogenesis and induces oxidative stress in rat testicular mitochondria, Food Chem Toxicol. 2009; 47(8):1733−38. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fct.2009.03.019. PMid: 19306909.
- Teo S, Stirling D, Thomas S, Hoberman A, Kiorpes A, Khetani V. A 90-day oral gavage toxicity study of d-methylphenidate and d, l-methylphenidate in SpragueDawley rats, Toxicology. 2002; 179(3):183−96. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0300-483X(02)00338-4.
- Bhardwaj S, Srivastava M K, Kapoor U, Srivastava L P. A 90 days oral toxicity of imidacloprid in female rats: Morphological, biochemical and histopathological evaluations, Food Chem Toxicol. 2010; 48:1185−90. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fct.2010.02.009. PMid: 20146932.
- Singh TB, Mukhopadhayay SK, Sar TK, Ganguly S. Acetamiprid induces toxicity in mice under experimental conditions with prominent effect on the hematobiochemical parameters, J J Drug Metab Toxicol. 2012; 3(6):134. https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7609.1000134.
- El-Desoky G, Abdelreheem M, Abdulaziz AO, ALOthman Z, Mahmoud M, Yusuf K. Potential hepatoprotective effects of vitamin E and selenium on hepatotoxicity induced by malathion in rats, Afr J Pharm Pharmacol. 2012; 6:806−13. https://doi.org/10.5897/AJPP11.628.
- Sharma D, Sangha GK. Effects of glucosinolates rich broccoli extract against triazophos induced toxicity in wistar rats, J Biomed Sci. 2016; 5:25. https://doi.org/10.4172/2254-609X.100039.
- Gholami M, Khayat ZK, Anbari K, Obidavi Z, Varzi A, Boroujeni MB, Alipour M, Niapoor A, Gharravi AM. Quercetin ameliorates peripheral nerve ischemia-reperfusion injury through the NF-kappa B pathway, Anat Sci Int. 2017; 92:330−37. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12565-016-0336-z. PMid: 26972295.
- Etim NN, Williams ME, Akpabio U, Offiong EE. Haematological parameters and factors affecting their values, Agri Sci. 2014; 2:37−47. https://doi.org/10.12735/as.v2i1p37.
- Owoeye O, Adedara IA, Bakare OS, Adeyemo OA, Egun C, Farombi EO. Kolaviron and vitamin E ameliorate hematotoxicity and oxidative stress in brains of prepubertal rats treated with an anticonvulsant phenytoin, Toxicol Mech Methods. 2014; 24:353−61. https://doi.org/10.3109/153765 16.2014.913752. PMid: 24712692.
- Murray RK, Granner DK, Mayes PA, Rodwell VW, editors. Harper’s Illustrated Biochemistry, International. New York: The McGraw-Hill Companies; 2007. p. 46−47. PMid: 17486773.
- Zari TA, Al-Attar AM. Therapeutic effects of olive leaves extract on rats treated with a sublethal concentration of carbendazim, Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2011; 15(4):413−26. PMid: 21608437.
- Suradkar SG, Ghodasara DJ, Vihol P, Patel J, Jaiswal V, Prajapati KS. Haemato-biochemical alterations induced by lead acetate toxicity in wistar rats, Vet World. 2009; 2:429−31.
- Balani T, Agrawal S, Thaker AM. Hematological and biochemical changes due to short-term oral administration of imidacloprid, Toxicol Int. 2011; 18:2. https://doi.org/10.4103/0971-6580.75843. PMid: 21430911, PMCid: PMC3052578.
- Omonona AO, Jarikre TA. Effect of carbendazim exposure and vitamin E supplementation in African Giant rats, J Agri Ecol Res Int. 2015; 4:1−9. https://doi.org/10.9734/JAERI/2015/16715.
- Farag A, Ebrahim H, ElMazoudy R, Kadous E.Developmental toxicity of fungicide carbendazim in female mice, Birth Defects Res B Dev Reprod Toxicol. 2011; 92(2):122−30 https://doi.org/10.1002/bdrb.20290. PMid: 21416578.
- Kalender Y, Uzunhisarcikli M, Ogutcu A, Acikgoz F, Kalender S. Effects of diazinon on pseudocholinesterase activity and haematological indices in rats: the protective role of vitamin E, Environ Toxicol Pharmacol. 2006; 22:46−51. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.etap.2005.11.007. PMid: 21783685.
- Agbor GA, Oben JE, Nkegoum B, Takala JP, Ngogang JY. Hepatoprotective activity of Hibiscus cannabinus (Linn.) against carbon tetrachloride and paracetamol induced liver damage in rats, Pak J Biol Sci. 2005; 8:1397−401. https:// doi.org/10.3923/pjbs.2005.1397.1401.
- Roberts TR, Huston DH, Lee PW, Nicholls PH, Plimmer JR, editors. Metabolic pathways of Agrochemicals. Part 2: Insecticides and fungicides. Cambridge: The Royal Society of Chemistry; 1999. https://doi.org/10.1039/9781847551375.
- Ganong WF. Review of Medical Physiology. 19th ed. Appleton and Lange, Stamford, Connecticut, USA; 1999. p. 267−80.
- Wang Y, Gilbreath III TM, Kukutla P, Yan G, Xu J. Dynamic gut microbiome across life history of the malaria mosquito Anopheles gambiae in Kenya, PLoS One. 2011; 6:e24767. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0024767. PMid: 21957459, PMCid: PMC3177825.
- Rivera L, Moron R, Sanchez M, Zarzuelo A, Galisteo M. Quercetin ameliorates metabolic syndrome and improves the inflammatory status in obese zucker rats, Obesity. 2008; 16:2081−87. https://doi.org/10.1038/oby.2008.315. PMid: 18551111.
- Kobori M, Takahashi Y, Akimoto Y, Sakurai M, Matsunaga I, Nishimuro H, Ippoushi K, Oike H, Ohnishi-Kameyama M. Chronic high intake of quercetin reduces oxidative stress and induces expression of the antioxidant enzymes in the liver and visceral adipose tissues in mice, J Funct Foods. 2015; 15:551−60. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jff.2015.04.006.
- Kandere‐Grzybowska K, Kempuraj D, Cao J, Cetrulo CL, Theoharides TC. Regulation of IL‐1‐induced selective IL-6 release from human mast cells and inhibition by quercetin, Br J Pharmacol. 2006; 148:208−15. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.bjp.0706695. PMid: 16532021, PMCid: PMC1617055.
- Singh A, Holvoet S, Mercenier A. Dietary polyphenols in the prevention and treatment of allergic diseases, Clin Exp Allergy. 2011; 41:1346−59. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.2011.03773.x. PMid: 21623967.
- Chirumbolo S. The role of quercetin, flavonols and flavones in modulating inflammatory cell function, Inflamm Allergy Drug Targets. 2010; 9:263−85. https://doi.org/10.2174/187152810793358741. PMid: 20887269.
- Finn DF, Walsh JJ. Twenty-first century mast cell stabilizers, Br J Pharmacol. 2013; 170:23−37. https://doi.org/10.1111/bph.12138. PMid: 23441583, PMCid: PMC3764846.
- Weng Z, Zhang B, Asadi S, Sismanopoulos N, Butcher A, Fu X, Katsarou-Katsari A, Antoniou C, Theoharides TC. Quercetin is more effective than cromolyn in blocking human mast cell cytokine release and inhibits contact dermatitis and photosensitivity in humans, PLoS One. 2012; 7(3):e33805. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0033805. PMid: 22470478, PMCid: PMC3314669.
- Lakhanpal P and Rai D K. Quercetin: a versatile flavonoid. Internet J Med Update 2007;2:22-37. https://doi.org/10.4314/ijmu.v2i2.39851.
- Jurikova T, Mlcek J, Sochor J, Hegedusova A. Polyphenols and their mechanism of action in allergic immune response, Global J Allergy. 2015; 1:37−39. https://doi.org/10.17352/2455-8141.000008.